原文標題：
‘Our product, our rules’: Russia sends alarm bells ringing over Europe’s
winter gas supplies
原文連結：https://ibit.ly/MFS3
發布時間：FRI, JUN 17 20228:24 AM EDT
記者署名：Sam Meredith
原文內容：
LONDON — An ominous warning from Russia’s state-backed energy giant Gazprom
has stoked fears of another turbulent winter for European gas supplies.
As a pre-summer heatwave hits western Europe this week, policymakers in the
region are scrambling to fill underground storage with natural gas supplies
to provide households with enough fuel to keep the lights on and homes warm
before the cold returns.
Fears of a severe winter gas shortage are driven by the risk of a full supply
disruption to the EU — which receives roughly 40% of its gas via Russian
pipelines. The bloc is trying to rapidly reduce its reliance on Russian
hydrocarbons in response to the Kremlin’s nearly four-month-long onslaught
in Ukraine.
The worry for many is just how dependable Russian gas flows are to Europe as
the conflict continues and as economic sanctions bite. Indeed, Moscow has
already cut gas supplies to Finland, Poland, Bulgaria Denmark’s Orsted,
Dutch firm Gasterra and energy giant Shell for its German contracts, all over
a gas-for-rubles payment dispute.
More recently, Russia’s Gazprom opted to further limit supplies via the Nord
Stream 1 pipeline that runs from Russia to Germany under the Baltic Sea, and
reduced flows to Italy.
Gazprom on Wednesday cited a technical problem for the supply cut, saying the
problem stemmed from the delayed return of equipment serviced by Germany’s
Siemens Energy in Canada. Austria and Slovakia have also reported supply
reductions from Russia.
What’s more, in fiery comments likely to have sent alarm bells ringing
throughout the bloc, Gazprom CEO Alexei Miller said Thursday that Russia will
play by its own rules after the firm halved supplies to Germany.
“Our product, our rules. We don’t play by rules we didn’t create,” Miller
said during a panel session at the St. Petersburg International Economic
Forum, according to The Moscow Times.
Miller reportedly said the return of equipment at the Portovaya compressor
station — part of the Nord Stream 1 pipeline that carries Russian gas to
Germany — had been hampered by an unprecedented barrage of economic
sanctions. He added that he saw no solution to the problem.
German Economy Minister Robert Habeck has rejected the claim that Western
sanctions were to blame and slammed Russia’s supply curbs as a “political
decision” designed to unsettle the region and ramp up gas prices.
Wholesale Dutch gas prices, a European benchmark for natural gas trading,
jumped as much as 9% during Friday morning deals, before paring gains.
Energy rationing warning
The latest dispute appears to reaffirm the risk for European countries highly
dependent on Russian gas, especially amid growing fears that Moscow could
implement a broader squeeze on supplies in the coming months.
Underlining the seriousness of these concerns, IEA chief executive Faith
Birol warned last week that EU countries may be at risk of winter energy
rationing if member states do not take more steps to improve energy
efficiency.
The European Commission, the executive arm of the EU, said on Friday it was
aware of Gazprom’s announcements that it would reduce flows via Nord Stream
1 as well as deliveries to several companies across the EU.
A spokesperson for the bloc described the move as “yet another example of
Gazprom and Russia’s use of its energy supplies as an instrument of
blackmail.”
“Based on our exchange with the national authorities yesterday via the Gas
Coordination Group, there is no indication of an immediate security of supply
risk, but we will keep monitoring the situation very closely and remain in
contact with the national authorities of the affected countries,” they added.
It is not yet known when or if Nord Stream 1 gas flows will return to normal
levels.
不負責校正的機器翻譯
倫敦——俄羅斯國家支援的能源巨頭俄羅斯天然氣工業股份公司（Gazprom）發出的一個
不祥警告，引發了人們對歐洲天然氣供應又一個動蕩冬季的擔憂。
隨著本周夏前熱浪襲擊西歐，該地區的政策制定者正爭先恐後地用天然氣供應填充地下儲
存，為家庭提供足夠的燃料，以便在寒冷回歸之前保持照明和家庭溫暖。
對冬季天然氣嚴重短缺的擔憂是由歐盟全面供應中斷的風險驅動的 - 歐盟通過俄羅斯管
道獲得約40%的天然氣。該集團正試圖迅速減少對俄羅斯碳氫化合物的依賴，以應對克裡
姆林宮在烏克蘭近四個月的猛攻。
許多人擔心的是，隨著衝突的持續和經濟制裁的加劇，俄羅斯向歐洲輸送天然氣的可靠性
。事實上，莫斯科已經削減了對芬蘭、波蘭、保加利亞、丹麥Orsted、荷蘭公司Gasterra
和能源巨頭殼牌的德國合同供應，所有這些都是因為一場以天然氣換盧布的支付糾紛。
最近，俄羅斯天然氣工業股份公司選擇通過波羅的海從俄羅斯到德國的Nord Stream 1管
道進一步限制供應，並減少流向義大利的流量。
俄羅斯天然氣工業股份公司（Gazprom）週三引用了減產的技術問題，稱問題源於德國西
門子能源公司在加拿大服務的設備延遲歸還。奧地利和斯洛伐克也報告俄羅斯減少了供應
。
更重要的是，俄羅斯天然氣工業股份公司首席執行官阿列克謝·米勒（Alexei Miller）
週四表示，在可能對整個歐盟敲響警鐘的激烈評論中，俄羅斯將在該公司將對德國的供應
量減半后按照自己的規則行事。
“我們的產品，我們的規則。我們不按照我們沒有創造的規則行事，「米勒在聖彼德堡國
際經濟論壇的小組會議上說，據《莫斯科時報》報導。
據報導，米勒表示，Portovaya壓縮機站的設備歸還 - 將俄羅斯天然氣輸送到德國的
Nord Stream 1管道的一部分 - 受到前所未有的經濟制裁的阻礙。他補充說，他沒有看到
解決問題的方法。
德國經濟部長羅伯特·哈貝克（Robert Habeck）駁斥了西方制裁應受到指責的說法，並
抨擊俄羅斯的供應限制是一項旨在擾亂該地區並推高天然氣價格的“政治決定”。
荷蘭天然氣批發價格是歐洲天然氣交易的基準，在週五早盤的交易中上漲了9%，之後收盤
漲幅。
能源配給警告
最近的爭端似乎再次證實了歐洲國家高度依賴俄羅斯天然氣的風險，尤其是在人們越來越
擔心莫斯科可能在未來幾個月內對供應實施更廣泛的擠壓的情況下。
國際能源署首席執行官菲絲·比羅爾（Faith Birol）上周警告說，如果成員國不採取更
多措施提高能源效率，歐盟國家可能會面臨冬季能源配給的風險。
歐盟執行機構歐盟委員會週五表示，它意識到俄羅斯天然氣工業股份公司宣佈將減少通過
Nord Stream 1的流量以及向歐盟多家公司的交付。
該集團的一位發言人將此舉描述為「俄羅斯天然氣工業股份公司和俄羅斯利用其能源供應
作為勒索工具的又一例證」。。
“根據我們昨天通過天然氣協調小組與國家當局的交流，沒有跡象表明存在直接的安全供
應風險，但我們將繼續非常密切地監測局勢，並與受影響國家的國家當局保持聯繫，”他
們補充說。
目前尚不清楚Nord Stream 1氣體流何時或是否會恢復到正常水準。
心得/評論：
能源價格高漲 歐美一方面制裁一方面又幻想能用經濟手段強迫人家低價賣油
搞得CPI壓不下去.
攤開美CPI來看,扣除能源的占比,僅有平均4%
所以如果要壓CPI就勢必要搞定能源.
但俄國放話了,表明對商品有話語權.只賣友好國家.
像是印度已經成為俄油大戶了.
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